Pile yarn shogging motion for looms



Nov. 18, 1958 J. T. M lSAAC, JR., ET AL 2,350,665

FILE YARN saoccms MOTION FOR LOOMS 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Sept. 25, 1956JOHN T. MACISANZL,TE.

3m) FRANK W. BEE-Y,

IN VENTORS ATTORNEYS Nov. 18, 1958 Y J. T. m lsAAc, JR, ET AL 2,360,665

PILE YARN SHOGGING MOTION FOR LOOMS Filed Sept. 25, 1956 5 Sheets-Sheet2 INVENTORS'. JOHN T MAcIsAAcJa am FRANK W. Baev.

,mAmd auL ATTORNEYs Nbv". 18,1958 J. T. M c1sAAc,JR., ET AL 2,850,665

FILE YARN SHOGGING MOTION FOR LOOMS Filed Sept. 25, 1956 3 Sheets-Sheet3 INVENTORS JQHN T. MAcIsAAqJe. and FRANK w. BEE-Y.

mint-v. fiu13-d+ ATTORNEYS Patented Nov. 18, 1958 lice 2,860,665 PILEYARN snoeomo MOTION FOR LooMs John Maclsaac, Jr., and Frank W. Brey,Spray, N. (3., asslgnors, by mesne assignments, to The New York TrustCompany, a corporation of New York, and John H. Baile, Saddle River, N.J as trustees Application September 25, 1356, Serial No. 612,015; 7Claims. (Cl. 139- 46) patents such as U. S. Patents Nos. 2,437,378;2,437,379

and others. Such looms are provided with series of pile yarn guideswhich are shogged weftwise or fillerwise, in combination with raisingand lowering means therefor, for inserting pile yarns into a base fabricas it is Woven from ground warp and weft yarns.

Heretofore, the apparatus of such looms used for shogging the carriagewhich supports the pile yarn guides has included a relatively largenumber of parts with a consequent relativelylarge number of Wear points.After a short period of operation; the combined efiect of the wearproducedon such parts would cause misalignment of the pile yarn guideswith respect to the pile wires. Such misalignment damages the loom andrequires frequent maintenance.

It is therefore an object of this invention to provide a novel andeflicient shogging motion for the pile yarn guides of looms of thecharacter described which includes a relatively few parts, requires aminium of maintenance, is positive in its action and the parts of whichare so arranged as to have a much longer useful life than the parts ofshogging mechanisms used heretofore.

It is another object of this invention to provide an improved shoggingmotion for a loom of the character described wherein the carriage forthe pile yarn guides is fixed on a rocker shaft which is driven tooscillate, in timed relation to oscillation of the lay or reed, fordipping the pile yarn guides into and out of the shed formed of theground warp yarns, theshogging motion comprising a constantly driven cammeans rotatably mounted on the rocker shaft which supports said carriagewith a stationary follower means engageable with the cam means, the cammeans being so arranged as to reciprocally shog the shaft laterally ofthe loom and longitudinally of its axis 'to impart correspondingmovement to the carriage and the pile yarn guides in timed relation tooscillation of the lay and to the dipping action'of the pile yarnguides.

Some of the objects of the invention having been stated, other objectswill appear as the description proceeds when taken in connection withaccompanying drawings, in which- 6 Figure 1 is a right-hand sideelevation of a loom embodying our invention;

Figure 2 is a sectional plan view taken substantially along line 2-2 inFigure l, with some of the pile yarn inserting guides and loop-formingfingers or pile wires being omitted and showing the improved pile guideshog ging and dipping means;

Figure 3 is an enlarged fragmentary elevation of the improved shoggingmeans taken substantially along line 33 in Figure 2;

V Figure 4 is an enlarged vertical sectional view through the improvedshogg ing means taken substantially along line 4-4 in F1gure 2.

Referring more specifically to the drawings, the improved pile yarnguide shoggirig motion is shown in association with a loom of the typedisclosed in said Clark Patent No, 2,437,378, although it is to bedistirictlybnderstood that the present invention may be applied to othertypes of looms. Only so much of the loom will be described as isnecessary to a clear understanding of the present invention.

The loom comprises a main frame broadly designated at 10 and includingright-hand and left-hand side frame members 11, 12. The loom asillustrated is adapted to produce a pile securely woven into a basefabric and our invention has particular reference to means forcontrolling pile yarn guides used for this purpose, the apparatus forweaving the base fabric or ground fabric being old in the art andforming no part of our present invention.

The base fabric, indicated at F, is woven of the usual warp and filleryarns, the warp yarns being indicated at 13 and being drawn from beams14 mounted on the main frame 10. The warp yarns pass throughconventional heddles or harnesses 15 which are raised and lowered byconventional means, not shown, to form a shed of the warp yarns 13. Thefiller or weft yarns, not shown, are projected through the shed byconventional means, not shown, and are beat up by a reed 20 to form thebase fabric P, which base fabric is pulled over a breast beam 21 by aconventional take-up mechanism embodied in a roll 22 at the front end ofthe loom. The reed 20 may be of conventional construction and may bedriven to oscillate to and fro by conventional means.

The upper ends of the side frame members 11 and 12 of the main frame 10support a pile yarn beam 25 from whence pile yarns 26 are drawn, thepile yarns 26 extend ing through a conventional tensioning mechanismgenerally designated at 27, and thence downwardly through the eyes ofconventional pile yarn guides 30. The tensioning mechanism 27 may be ofany desired or conventional construction and is shown as being of a typedisclosed in said Clark Patent No. 2,437,378. Accordingly, a detaileddescription thereof is deemed unnecessary.

The pile yarn guides 30 extend in a row transversely of the loom and aremoved upwardly and downwardly and shogged weftwise or laterally ofcorresponding ground warp yarns 13, by means peculiar to the presentinvention, for looping pile yarns across weft yarns and/ or acrossselected loop-forming fingers 31. The loop-forming fingers 31 may beindividually controlled to move inwardly for forming low or high loopsby means such as disclosed in the pending application of Ivar O. Moberg,Serial No. 398,287, filed December 15, 1953 and entitled Method of andApparatus for Weaving High and Low Pile Fabrics. The loopforming fingersor pile wires 31 may also be of the type disclosed in said Clark PatentNo. 2,437,378 and may be controlled in the manner described in thelatter patent. Accordingly, a detailed description of the loop-formingfingers and the means for operating the same is deemed unnecessary.

As heretofore stated, the reed 20 may be constructed and operated in theusual manner and, in this instance, the reed 20 is carried by a reed box35 fixed on the upper ends of a pair of laterally spaced crank arms 36whose lower ends are fixed on a reed rocker shaft 37 suitably journaledin bearing blocks 40, 41 carried by the respective side frame members11, 12 of the main frame 10. A medial portion of the reed rocker shaft37 has a follower ,arm or lever 43 fixed thereon which extendsdownwardly and has a follower 44 thereon en;

gageable with a cam groove 45 in one side of a face cam wheel 46 fixedon a main shaft 47 which is driven to rotate one revolution to every twobeat-up strokes of the reed 20 by means, not shown, well known in theart.

Now, the pile yarn guides 30 are supported on a transverse bar 50 towhich they may be attached by any suitable means such as is disclosed insaid Clark Patent No. 2,437,378. The bar 50 is suitably secured to thelower forward end of a pair of spaced substantially L-shaped crank armsor carriage members 51 which extend upwardly and then rearwardly and arefixed on a guide rocker shaft 52. The guide rocker shaft 52 is journaledin bearing blocks 53, 54 fixed on angle brackets 55, 56 suitably securedto the outer surfaces of the respective side frame members 11, 12 of themain frame 10. The rocker shaft 52 is also mounted for axial movement inthe bearing blocks 53, 54.

The carriage members 51 and bar 50 form a carriage for the pile yarnguides 30 and this carriage is raised and lowered in timed relation tothe operation of the reed 20 by means of a pair of crank arms 60 fixedto and projecting rearwardly from the reed rocker shaft 37, which crankarms 60 each has the lower end of a link 62 pivotally connected thereto.The upper end of each link 62 is pivotally connected to a crank arm 64which extends rearwardly and is fixed on the guide rocker shaft 52.Thus, with each rearward or inactive stroke of the reed 20, the pileyarn guides 30 are moved downwardly into the shed formed from the groundwarp yarns 13 to position the corresponding pile yarns 26 so that a weftyarn is carried through the shed above the pile yarns by the usual weftyarn inserting needle or shuttle, not shown, and, as the reed 20'subsequently moves forwardly in an active stroke or beat-up stroke, thepile yarn guides 30 are raised above the level of the reed 20 tosubstantially the position shown in Figure 1.

This particular arrangement will produce a so-called single-shot fabricand, if a multiple shot fabric is to be produced, it is apparent thatoscillation of the crank arms 60 may be controlled by a cam separatefrom the cam 46. For example, in producing a two-shot fabric, thecarriage for the pile yarn guides 30 would be so controlled as to movethe pile yarn guides 30 into the shed following alternate beat-upstrokes of reed 20 and a three-shot fabric would be produced by movingthe pile yarn guides 30 into the shed following every third beatupstroke of the reed 20.

Now, in order to shog the pile yarn guides 30 weftwise in one directionwhile in raised position in the interim between alternate downward andupward movements of the pile yarn guides 30 and to shog the pile yarnguides 30 weftwise in the opposite direction in the interim betweenintervening downward and upward strokes of the pile yarn guides 30, animproved shogging mechanism is provided which comprises a constantlydriven cam means broadly designated at 70, which cam means is loosely orrotatably mounted on the guide rocker shaft 52, but which is restrainedfrom axial movement relative to the shaft 52. The cam means 70 isengaged by a stationary follower 71 and is so arranged that movementthereof in engagement with the follower 71 imparts axial movement to theshaft 52 while permitting the shaft 52 to be oscillated for raising andlowering the pile yarn guides 30 in the manner heretofore described.

To this end, the cam means 78 is in the form of a cylindrical cam havingan irregular peripheral track therein and comprises a pair of spacedcircular earns 72, 73 which may be formed integral with or suitablysecured to opposite ends of a hub member 7d which maintains the cams 72,73 in proper spaced relationship. The proximal ends of the cams '72, 73are provided with mating spaced complementary cam surfaces 75, 76 and77, 78 on the proximal faces of the cam wheels or cams 72, 73. Thus thesurfaces 75, 77, substantially maintain the surfaces 76, 78 inengagement with follower 71, and

4 vice versa. The cam surfaces 75 and 76 extend through an arc ofapproximately 180 degrees as do the cam surfaces 77, 78.

The cam surfaces 75, 76 are disposed in offset relation to the camsurfaces 77, 78 so that, as the cam surfaces 75, 76 move in engagementwith opposite sides of the cam follower 71, the shaft 52 occupies oneposition with respect to its axis and, as the cam surfaces 77, 78 moveinto engagement with the follower 71, the shaft 52 is shogged axiallyfrom right to left in Figure 2 to occupy this position as the pile yarnguides 30 are moved from a raised to a lowered position and back to araised position. Thereafter, the cam surfaces 75, 76' again engage thefollower 71 to shog the shaft 52 in the opposite direction or from leftto right in Figure 2 and maintain the shaft 52 in this positionthroughout another movement of the pile yarn guides 30 from raisedposition to lowered position and back to raised position to complete acycle of the shogging and dipping motion.

The cam follower 71 is maintained in fixed relation to the main frame 10and, to this end, the follower 71 is shown in the form of a roller orhearing journaled on a stud 82 projecting from a stationary bracket 83which, in this instance, projects inwardly from the cam follower 71 andis suitably secured to or formed integral with the side frame member 11(Figures 1, 3 and 4). Since the guide rocker shaft 52 and the partscarried thereby are relatively heavy, it is preferable that the camwheels 72, 73 are mounted on the shaft 52 by means of combination radialand axial thrust anti-friction bearings.

The outer end of the outer cam wheel 72 has a sprocket wheel 85 suitablysecured thereto or formed integral therewith and the distal surfaces ofthe sprocket wheel 85 and the cam Wheel 73 have respective bearinghousings 86, 87 fixed thereto which are freely rotatable aboutrespective inner races or sleeves 90, 91 preferably by means ofrespective pairs of tapered roller bearings 92, 93. The roller bearings92, 93 are restrained from axial movement relative to the housings 86,87 and the respective inner races 90, 91 by means of annular shoulders94, 95 provided on medial portions of the respective inner races 90, 91,which annular shoulders are disposed between the respective pairs ofanti-friction or roller bearings 92, 93. The inner races or sleeves 90,91 are suitably secured to the shaft 52, as by set screws 100.

It is thus seen that the cam wheels 72, 73 and the hub 74 may rotatefreely about the shaft 52 and, when axial movement is imparted to thecam wheels 72, 73 due to the alternate engagement of the cam surface 75,76 and 77, 78 with the stationary cam follower 71, the shaft 52 iscaused to move with the cam wheels 72, 73

to shog the pile yarn guides 30 in timed relation to the dipping actionof the pile yarn guides 30. In this instance, the cam means 70 is shownmounted adjacent one end of the shaft 52. However, it is to bedistinctly understood that the cam means 70 may be positioned in anydesired location axially of the shaft 52, with the follower 71 beingsuitably supported in proper relationship to the cam means 70.

In order to drive the cam wheels 72, 73 in accurately timed relation tooperation of the reed 20, the sprocket wheel '85 is engaged by asprocket chain 102 which extends downwardly in Figure l and is mountedon a sprocket wheel 103 fixed on the main shaft 47. Since the apparatusdisclosed in Figures 1 and 2 is particularly devised for producing aone-shot or single-shot fabric, the cam means 70 is driven to rotate atthe same speed as the main drive shaft 47. However, when a multiple shotfabric is to be produced, it is apparent that the cam means 70 is thenrotated at a slower speed than the main drive shaft 47. For example,when a double-shot fabric is to be produced, the sprocket wheel 85 maybe twice the diameter of the sprocket wheel 103 so the pile yarn guides30 would be shogged in one direction with alternate pairs of beat-upstrokes of the reed 20 and would be shogged in the opposite directionwith intervening pairs of beat'up strokes of the reed 29. Of course, itis apparent that the ratio between the main drive shaft 4-? and theguide rocker shaft 52 should be such that the main drive shaft 47 willrotate three revolutions with each sin is revolution of the cam means711i when producing a three shot fabric.

it is thus seen that we have provided a simple and efficient apparatusfor shogging the pile yarn guides weftwise of the loom in accuratelytimed relation to operation of the loom reed and to the dipping action othe pile yarn guides, which apparatus has a minimum of wearing surfacesto thereby insure that the pile yarn guides are shogged in accuraterelation to the ground warp yarns and the loop-forming fingers and willoperate in this mannot over long periods of time with a min hum of mentof the various parts thereof and with a 111 maintenance being required.

In the drawings and specification there has been set forth a preferred.embodiment of the invention and, although specific terms are employed,they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and notforpurposes of limitation, the scope of the invention being defined in theclaims.

We claim:

1. in a loom for weaving pile fabrics having means whereby a base fabricis woven from warp and weft yarns, a series of fingers extendingwarpwise of the loom and in spaced relationship weftwise of the loom,pile yarn guides vertically movable into and out of the shed of the loombetween the fingers for inserting pile yarns below the path of travel ofthe weft yarn inserting means, and a carriage for said guides; thecombination of a shaft journaled for axial and oscillatable movement onthe loom above and rearwardly of said guides and on which said carriageis secured, a cylindrical cam having a peripheral track of predeterminedirregular configuration thereon and being rotatable on said shaft butrestrained from axial movement relative to the shaft, follower meansfixed to said loom and engaging said traclc, means to. drive said cam intimed relation to said firstnamed means, and said track being so shapedas to shog the pile yarns laterally over the fingers when the guides areout of the shed.

2. A structure according to claim 1 wherein said cylindrical camcomprises a pair of cam wheels, the track being defined by spacedcomplementary proximal cam surfaces on the cam wheels, and said followermeans be ing positioned between said wheels and engageable with said camsurfaces.

3. A structure according to claim 2 wherein said pile yarn guides arevertically movable by cam controlled means for oscillating said shaft tolower and then raise the pile yarn guides in the interim betweensuccessive shogging movements of the shaft.

4. In a loom having means for weaving a base fabric from ground warpyarns and weft yarns and a series of spaced substantially rigid pileyarn feeding guides extending transversely of the loom and normallyspaced substantially above the fell of the ground fabric being woven andthrough which guides strands of pile yarn are threaded, said loom alsohaving means for moving said guides into and out of the Warp in timedrelation to the means for weaving the ground fabric; the combinationtherewith of means for repeatedly shogging the pile yarn feeding guidestransversely of the loom first in one direction and then the othercomprising a shaft journaled in the loom for axial and oscillatorymovement, a carriage fixed to said shaft and supporting said pile yarnfeeding guides, ..1 means mounted for rotation relative to and on saidshaft and being restrained from axial movement relative to said shaft,meansfor rotating said cam means in timed relation to the means forweaving the base fabric, and a follower means carried by said loom andbeing engagesaid cam means, said cam means being so to ed as to impartaxial movement to said shaft in opposite directions as it moves inengagement with said follower means.

5. A structure according to claim 4 wherein said cam .15; comprises apair of cam wheels having spaced comei entary proximal cam surfacesthereon of predetermined configuration, and said follower means beingengageable with said cam surfaces.

6. In a loom having means for weaving a base fabric from ground warpyarns and weft yarns and a series of spaced substantially rigid pileyarn feeding guides ex tending transversely of the loom and normallyspaced substantially above the fell of the ground fabric being woven andthrough which guides strands of pile yarn are threaded, said loom alsohaving means for moving said guides into and out of the shed formed fromthe warp yarns in timed relation to the means for weaving the groundfabric; the combination therewith of means for shogging the pile yarnfeeding guides transversely of the loom comprising a shaft journaled inthe loom for axial and oscillatory movement, a carriage fixed to saidshaft and supporting said pile yarn feeding guides, cam means mountedfor rotation relative to and on said shaft and being restrained fromaxial movement relative to said shaft, means for rotating said cam meansin timed rela tion to the means for weaving the base fabric, followermeans carried by said loom and being engageable with said cam means, andsaid cam means being so formed as to impart axial movement to said shaftin one direction, as it moves in engagement with said follower means,during alternate intervals in which the guides are above the shed and toimpart axial movement to said shaft in the opposite direction duringintervening intervals in which the guides are above the shed.

7. Means for shogging a series of pile yarn guides on a loom for weavingpile fabrics comprising a carriage supporting said guides, meanspivotally connecting said carriage to the loom frame rearwardly of andabove said guides including a shaft journaled on the frame, at least onecam wheel journaled on said shaft, .means restraining said cam wheelfrom axial movement relative to said shaft, said cam wheel having anirregular cam surface on either of its end faces, a follower carried bysaid frame, means to drive said cam wheel in timed relation to theoperation of the loom, and means maintaining the cam wheel in engagementwith the follower.

References Cited in the-file of this patent

